A reference architecture for social robots

Social robotics poses tough challenges to software designers who are required to take care of difficult architectural drivers like acceptability, trust of robots as well as to guarantee that robots establish a personalized interaction with their users. Moreover, in this context recurrent software design issues such as ensuring interoperability, improving reusability and customizability of software components also arise. Designing and implementing social robotic software architectures is a time-intensive activity requiring multi-disciplinary expertise: this makes it difficult to rapidly develop, customize, and personalize robotic solutions. These challenges may be mitigated at design time by choosing certain architectural styles, implementing specific architectural patterns and using particular technologies. Leveraging on our experience in the MARIO project, in this paper we propose a series of principles that social robots may benefit from. These principles lay also the foundations for the design of a reference software architecture for social robots. The goal of this work is twofold: (i) Establishing a reference architecture whose components are unambiguously characterized by an ontology thus allowing to easily reuse them in order to implement and personalize social robots; (ii) Introducing a series of standardized software components for social robots architecture (mostly relying on ontologies and semantic technologies) to enhance interoperability, to improve explainability, and to favor rapid prototyping.     

基于分层架构模式识别的软件架构重构技术

本文提出一种基于分层架构模式识别的软件架构重构技术.该技术以目标软件的源代码作为输入,过滤与分层架构无关的代码,再利用代码词汇信息挖掘程序实体之间的语义关联,通过代码主题提取并计算程序实体之间的职责相似度,依据相似度将程序实体聚类形成组件.在软件组件化的基础上结合分层模式的ILD属性识别软件层次和软件架构模式.在模式识别的基础上,定位系统中存在的违规作为重构点,生成相应的重构建议并实施重构.最后,本文在Github与SourceForge开源社区中选取10个开源软件系统作为实验对象,验证了本文提出的基于分层架构模式识别的软件架构重构技术在模式识别有效性、重构点识别效果和重构建议实施效果方面与传统方法相比有较大提升,能够有效的帮助软件开发人员识别软件架构模式、获取重构点、生成重构建议,并协助开发人员进行架构重构实施,改善系统违规情况,提升软件质量.     

Ice-Templated,Large-Area Silver Nanowire Pattern for Flexible Transparent Electrode

Flexible transparent electrodes are critically important for the emerging flexible and stretchable electronic and optoelectronic devices. To this end, transparent polymer films coated with silver nanowires (AgNWs) have been intensively studied in the past decade. However, it remains a grand challenge to achieve both high conductivity and transmittance in large-area films, mainly due to the poor alignment of AgNWs and their high junction resistance. Here, the successful attempt to realize large-area AgNW patterns on various substrates by a 2D ice-templating approach is reported. With a relatively low dosage of AgNWs (4 µg·cm⁻²), the resulted flexible electrode simultaneously achieves high optical transmittance (≈91%) and low sheet resistance (20 Ω·sq⁻¹). In addition, the electrode exhibits excellent durability during cyclic bending (≈10 000 times) and stretching (50% strain). The potential applications of the flexible transparent electrode in both touch screen and electronic skin sensor, which can monitor the sliding pressure and direction in real-time, are demonstrated. More importantly, it is believed that the study represents a facile and low-cost approach to assemble various nanomaterials into large-area functional patterns for advanced flexible devices.     

Layered Metal-Halide Perovskite Single-Crystalline Microwire Arrays for Anisotropic Nonlinear Optics

Hybrid organic–inorganic metal-halide perovskites with diverse structure tunability are promising for nonlinear-optical (NLO) applications, such as frequency conversion and electro-optic modulation. For integrated NLO devices, single-crystalline perovskite micro- and nanostructures with high quality and multifunctionality are in high demand. However, the fabrication of single-crystalline perovskites arrays is still challenging in regulating liquid dynamics and crystal growth simultaneously. Herein, a capillary-bridge-manipulated strategy is established to steer the dewetting process of microdroplets and provide spatial confinement for crystal growth. These 1D perovskite microwire arrays show regulated geometry, pure orientation, and single crystallinity. Chiral ammonium molecules are introduced into the metal-halide octahedral quantum wells to break the centrosymmetry of the perovskite, allowing the perovskite to exhibit excellent second-order NLO properties. The as-prepared microwire arrays also demonstrate linearly polarized second harmonic generation and two-photon fluorescence. Microwire arrays exhibit higher second harmonic conversion efficiency compared with their polycrystalline thin-film counterparts. It is believed that this strategy for the fabrication of chiral perovskite microstructure arrays holds great promise for NLO integrated applications and opens up an avenue to explore multifunctional chiral perovskites.     

离散事件系统基于模式的安全故障诊断

基于模式的故障诊断方法能将触发系统故障的事件串诊断出来,但在诊断期间系统仍然可能执行被禁止的不安全操作.为此,提出了一种离散事件系统基于S型和T型模式的安全诊断方法.先对离散事件系统基于模式的安全可诊断性进行形式化,再通过构造非法语言识别器和安全诊断器对系统发生的故障模式实施安全诊断,最后分别得到了一个关于S型和T型模式的系统安全可诊断性的充分必要条件,实现了离散事件系统基于模式的安全故障诊断.     

Older adults’ use of mobile device: usability challenges while navigating various interfaces

ABSTRACT

Mobile devices are becoming ubiquitous among older adults, but have also caused unprecedented challenges due to the high demands of interaction techniques and changeable design patterns found across various applications. This paper aims to investigate how older adults navigate with mobile interfaces and identify their potential usability challenges while navigating. To do so, we summarised six state-of-the-art mobile interface design patterns and conducted individual usability test and in-depth interview with 22 older adults. Participants were asked to perform 19 navigation tasks that contain these design patterns under realistic usage scenarios. Follow-up interviews were held to collect their detailed comments on usability issues regarding visual design, ease of understanding, and interaction and navigation of the design patterns, as well as their personal experience. The results found that overall older adults were able to navigate contents more effectively than menus and buttons. Participants experienced great challenges in directing their attention to the menus and buttons, understanding the meaning of icons, and interacting with these menu components. In contrast, the content-oriented navigation design performed better in understanding, navigation, and interaction, which could be a promising direction for elderly-friendly mobile application design. Design implications are further discussed for creating an elderly-friendly mobile interface.     

Application of security reference architecture to Big Data ecosystems in an industrial scenario

Big Data environments are typically very complex ecosystems; this means that implementing them is complicated. One possible technique with which to address this complexity is the use of abstraction. Reference architecture (RA) can be useful for an improved understanding of the main components of Big Data. Herein, we propose a security RA that includes the management of security concerns and provides the main elements of a Big Data ecosystem. Application of this architecture to real-world scenarios facilitates its refinement and improves its usefulness. In this article, we present a case study of a real-world Big Data ecosystem implemented in a banking environment. This ecosystem was developed by everis, an NTT company with which we collaborated for this study. To conduct this validation case study, a map was established between the elements of the Big Data ecosystem implemented and our proposal. Consequently, a series of valuable lessons that can improve both our architecture and the security of the Big Data environment were obtained. These include recommendations for a set of best practices such as the use of security patterns.     

仿生机器鱼胸/尾鳍协同推进闭环深度控制

为改善机器鱼定深控制过程中的动态性能与稳态性能,根据深度误差的大小将定深控制过程分解为趋近阶段与巡游阶段,给出了一种基于中枢模式发生器（central pattern generator,CPG）与模糊控制相结合的闭环运动控制方法．为此,首先建立了以压力传感器信号为反馈输入,通过模糊控制器调节控制参数的CPG运动控制模型．在此基础上,针对误差较大的趋近阶段,采用胸/尾鳍协同方式,通过趋近模糊控制器改变摇翼关节的偏置量与幅值来使机器鱼快速到达期望深度;针对误差较小的巡游阶段,采用改变攻角方式,通过巡游模糊控制器改变胸鳍攻角来使机器鱼保持在期望深度．两阶段之间通过胸鳍CPG的启停实现切换．模糊控制器设计时利用了基于最小二乘法对实验数据拟合而得出的俯仰角变化率与控制参数的近似关系,提高了机器鱼趋向期望深度的速度并减小了在期望深度巡游时的稳态误差．仿真与实验结果验证了所提控制方法的有效性．     

基于鱼群算法的高光谱图像稀疏分解研究

研究高光谱图像的稀疏分解问题,能够降低高光谱图像的数据量,便于后续处理,但传统正交匹配追踪算法的计算复杂度高、不能满足实时处理要求。针对上述问题,提出了一种利用人工鱼群算法实现高光谱图像稀疏分解的算法。算法采用人工鱼群自上而下的寻优模式,通过鱼群中各个体的局部寻优,实现全局最优值在群体中凸显出来的目的,以人工鱼群的更新过程对正交匹配追踪算法的匹配过程进行改进,完成稀疏分解。实验结果表明,与正交匹配追踪算法相比,所提算法计算复杂度低,计算效率提高15倍,且能够提高重构图像的峰值信噪比,充分说明改进算法能够满足实时性要求,更有利于实现高光谱图像的稀疏分解。     

基于“五化”模式的专业课程创新创业人才培养研究与实践

“计量仪器与检测”课程是陕西国防工业职业技术学院一流建设专业“机械产品检测检验技术”专业的专业核心课,服务于该专业的核心职业岗位。2015年5月《中国制造2025》提出,坚持“创新驱动、质量为先”的基本方针。课程作为职业教育的核心单元,肩负着人才培养的重担。构建该课程的创新创业体系、培养高素质产品检测人才、培养具有国际交流和竞争力的创新型人才,是《中国制造2025》发展战略的重要基础和关键环节。以“计量仪器与检测”课程教学活动为载体,提出了“课程架构项目化、教学模式理实一体化、教学内容应用化、教学手段信息化、课程教学双语化”的“五化”模式下创新创业人才培养与实践。提升专业内涵建设和技术技能人才培养水平、提高学生创新创业能力、明确高素质技能型人才的培养目标,构建高职院校国际视角下创新创业人才培养课程体系。